BeZhare: MS-DOS the History Begins

Maybe for you there are computer users who do not know what it is MS-DOS because in the present, MS-DOS has been rarely used because most use a more simple system like Windows.
For those of you who want to know whether MS-DOS itself, here BeZhare will discuss the early history of the first presence of the system.

In 1975, Personal Computers (PCs) produced the first Altair MITS (Micro Instrumentation Telemetry Systems) of Albuquerque, New Mexico with 8080 8-bit processor and 256 bytes of memory, no keyboard, screen, tape or disk, for $ 400. Computers intended for the electronics hobbyist. On this computer, Bill Gates wrote a BASIC interpreter. Existing operating system is CP / M from Digital Research.

In 1979, Tim Paterson of Seattle Computer Products 86-DOS create mimic CP / M to test products berbasi processor 8086.

August 1981, Microsoft bought 86-DOS from Tim Paterson and refined into MS-DOS version 1.0, released as an MS-DOS or PC-DOS version 1.00. The operating system is made with over 4000 lines of assembly language code.

- Features of MS-DOS version 1.0:
* Using 12 KBytes of memory on Intel 8086 processor with 64 Kbyte memory.
* Only supports a new directory (flat directory) and 64 files.
* Does not support disk.
* Only supports the floppy disk 5 ¼-inch 160 Kbyte, with 512 bytes / sector.

MS-DOS Sample

- MS-DOS marketed under two names, namely:
* PC-DOS is a release for the IBM PC
* MS-DOS

- PC-DOS system contains:
* Ibmio.com, namely the disk and the character I / O system.
* Ibmdos.com, ie disk and file manager.
* Command.com, the command processor, primitive shell.

- MS-DOS operating system contains the following:
* Ibmio.com, namely the disk and the character I / O system.
* IO.SYS, ie disk and file manager.
* Msdos.sys, the command processor, primitive shell.

The operating system is compatible with CP / M, with an increased allocation of disks, faster and supports primitive shell script called batch files.

October 1982, in-release MS-DOS version 1.1 supports the diskette 320 KByte.

- MS-DOS version 2.0
----------------
Year 1983, IBM developed a PC XT, a personal computer (PC)-based hard drive and then released MS-DOS version 2.0 for PC-XT with the following features:
* Supports hard disk.
* Supports directory hierarchy (hierarchical directory)
* Provides richer DOS command with an external program as a utility.
* Added ability to mimic UNIX such as I / O redirection, pipelines, filters and background printing (print spooler), use the file descriptor.
* Supports 360 KByte disk, system configuration (config.sys), user-installable device drivers, memory management and customized shell.

This operating system uses 24 Kbyte memory, made with 20,000 lines of assembly.

- MS-DOS version 2:05
-----------------
Supports time, date, currency, and decimal symbols, a 16-bit Japanese Kanji.
In 1984, IBM made the PC AT with an Intel 80286 processor provides extended addressing (extended addressing) and the characteristics of memory protection (memory protection), user and kernel mode, the ring-based protection and the ability to run many programs at once.
PC AT provides 1.2m floppy, battery backup clock, the configuration information in CMOS, more than 10M hard drive, RAM disk support.

- MS-DOS version 3.0
----------------
The ability of Intel 80286 is not fully used by MS-DOS 3.0 to be compatible with previous releases, using as 8086 fast (fast 8086).

Features:
* Supports keyboard and peripherals new hard drive (AT Bus).
* Shell could be replaced by the user, for example with Norton Shell is NDOS.COM.
The operating system uses memory 36KByte, made of 40,000 lines of assembly.

- MS-DOS version 3.1
----------------
Supports PC-PC network.
Memory in use does not increase, obtained by adding the operating system that can be swapped.
- MS-DOS version 3.2
----------------
Supports floppy 3 1 / 2 inch and IBM Token Ring, but full of bugs.
In 1987, IBM made the family computer PS / 2.

- MS-DOS version 3.3
----------------
Even this release are not fully using the processor capability on PS / 2, which uses Intel 80286 or Intel 80386.

Features:
* Support for standard serial communication up to 19,200 bps.
* Memory in use is 46 Kbyte.

-------
Windows
-------
Since 1980, Microsoft developed a GUI (Graphical User Interface) on Windows, to bridge the DOS users. Development aims to compete with the Macintosh which had already offers a user friendly GUI.
In 1990, the GUI version of Microsoft (MS Windows 3.0) close to a user-friendly Macintosh, they are missing is this GUI must be run on DOS.
After leaving the partnership with IBM in developing a new generation operating system (OS / 2) which exploits the efficacy of new microprocessor
maximum, Microsoft developed MS Windows NT with a user interface similar to MS Windows 3.1 but is based concept that is very very different (NTFS file system was first introduced).
MS Windows NT exploit the power / current microprocessor capabilities and provide a full multitasking in a single-user environment.

- MS-DOS version 4.0
----------------
Supports hard drives larger than 32 MByte to 2 Gigabyte.
Although the program is limited to 640 Kbyte, 16 MByte RAM can be used as the Ram-disk to improve file system performance.
Provides menu-driven shell is not only a keyboard-oriented shell.

- MS-DOS version 5.0
----------------
April 1991, released MS-DOS version 5.0 with features:
* Support the use of extended memory.
* The program is limited to 640 Kbyte, using extended memory for user-written device drivers and utility-utility.

Having a new shell with the ability of many programs in memory, to move to the CTRL-ESC, HELP facilities, upgrade the other utility programs such as Edlin with a screen editor. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Article was written and circulated by Guntur Suhada on BeZhare from source of MS-DOS to your knowledge, please do not take and pass on any sites without the knowledge of this site. Or if necessary, you can pass it on any site to include the name of the author of this article. We appreciate the authenticity of writings that we make here. Thank you for your attention.
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